Dynamo-electric generator.



J. 0. HEINZE, Jn. DYNAMO ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 20, I911.

Patented Sept. 7, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l- J. 0. HEINZE, JR.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC GENERATOR. APPLICATION FILED 05c. 20, 1911.

Patented Sept. 7, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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To all whomiit may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN O. HEINZE, J12, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lowell, in p the county of Middlesex and 'Stateof-Massachusetts, have invented a ing its pole pieces adapted to bemoved centripetally and centrifugally toward and certain new and usefulDynamo-Electric Generator, of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the r accompanying drawings.

Whilemy invention relates generally to dynamo-electric generators usingeither germanent or electromagnets to create the it relates particularly0 those generators that can be-driv'en at var g speeds and yet canproduce electrical currents of substantially constant potential.

The object of my invention may be said to be an elimination of thedelicate devices, embodied in prior structures required to keep'aconstant potential, regardless of the speed of the generator; and Iattain this object by providing a rotatable magnet havaway from astationaryarmature in parallel planes, one of which .passes through thelongitudinal axis of the armature; all being designed to increase ordecrease the air space between the pole pieces andthe armature, upon anincrease or decrease in speed of the generator, and thus to diminish orincrease the intensity of the magnetic field, so that less or more thelines of force of the rotating field may at such increased or decreasedture, and a commutator engaged by suitable brushes; Fig. 2 is aperspective view of one of the pole pieces; Fig. 3 is a longitudinalvertical view, partly in section, while Fig. 4 is a plan, partly insection, the cores of the magnethaving been removed to expose one of thepole pieces, brushes, and other details of construction. Fig. 5 is anend elevation; Fig. 6 is a detail view and illustrates-in an exaggeratedmanner the movement of one of 'the pole pieces toward or away from thearmature.

This variable speed constant potential DYNAMO-ELECTRIG GENERATOR.

. Specification of Letters Patent.

' shaft;

JOHN O. HEINZE, JR, OF LOWSELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

generator has a base A, Fig. 3, provided with two end supports B, B, inwhich are mounted'in suitable ball-bearings O, C, a shaft D, designed tobe operatively connected with, say, the driving shaft, of an internalcombustion engine. Inclosing one end portion of the shaft and secured toone of the end supports B is a cylindrical shell E upon which is fixedlymounted an armature F of any Well known'type, for example, that known asthefSiemens wound armature. To the opposite end portion of this shaftare secured twp semi-circular hinged members 1, 2,the axis of the pivots3, 4c, [of the hmge passing, at right angles, through the longitudinalaxis (Z, Fig. 5, of the whilearranged in suitable holes formed in theinside faces of these hinged members are inserted series of cylindricalsoft iron cores 5, 6, so arranged that the longitudinal .axesof thesecores are,

when the cores are in normal position, substantially parallel with thelongitudinal axis of the shaft; these cores being arranged in drivingshaft as a center. 9n the opposite en portions of these two series ofcores are ed two metal pole pieces 7, 8, Figs. 1, 2, 3,1 5, arranged onopposite sides of the armature F, and substantially embracing butnotcontacting the same, because of an abutting plate 9 made fast to theshaft, inside of the hinged plates, and adapted to be engagedby limitingscrews 10, 11, passing through the said hinged plates 1, 2.

To elastically and centripetally control the outward movement of thepole pieces 7,

insure uniform equal and opposite movements of the pole pieces towardand away from the armature, there area pair of restraining arms 16, 17,having universal joints 18, and being pivotally secured diametricallyopposite each other in a collar 19 free to slide on said shaft, one sideof the collar being adapted to come into abutment with an abutting ring20, fixed in a suitable position on the shaft, when the pole pieces havereached the desired limit of outward movement.

Patented Sept. "7, 1915.

Application filed December 20,1911. Serial No. 666,890.

the are of a circle struck from the axis of the "and assume the positionindicated in dotted lines,- Fig. 6; that the outward movementis limitedby the abutment of the restraining arm collar 19 and the abutting ring20, while the inward movement, as,already explained, is limited by thescrews 10, 11, in the hinged plates 1, 2, contacting the abutting plate9 ture of electrical ,that the intensity secured to the driving shaft;that the pole pieces will tend to move to a greater or less distanceawayfrom the armature, upon a greater or less speed of the drivingshaft;

of the magnetic field between the pole pieces will necessarily increaseor decrease as the pole pieces approach or recede from each other, and,consequently, that while the electrical current generated in thearmature will increase or decrease in proportion to the intensity of themagnetic field, it will proportionately decrease or increase inproportion to the speed of the armature, so that the result secured,viz., an electrical current of uniform potential, is the same regardlessof whether the speed of the driving shaft is variable or constant.

Having explained the principle and general structure of the meanswhereby an electrical generator may produce a current of constantpotential, at varying speeds of the generator, the only problemremaining is one which all those skilled in the manufacgenerators canreadily solve, that is, the problem of so designing the hinged magnetand pole pieces and their connecting springs, and so winding thearmature, that between certain limits in variations in the speed ofrotation of the shaft} and hence the magnet, there will be such acorrelation of the intensity of the magnetic field, and the speed withwhich the coils of the armature out the magnetic lines of force, thatthe above mentioned current of uniform potential will result.

The current generated in the armature may be delivered in any well knownway, as by a commutator G fixedly secured to the cylindrical shell Eupon which the stationary armature F is mounted. Carbon brushes 25,Figs. 1 and 4, rubbing opposite sides of this commutator are mounted inlegs 26, 27 of a U-shaped holder the base 28 of which is metal and isfixed to the driving shaft; these legs 26, 27, being of fiber; and thebrushes being held in contact with the commutator by means of contactsprings 29, 30, fixed upon the outside portions of the legs. One ofthese springs, as 30, is in electrical connection with, and grounded onthe base of the generator, through an insulated wire 30; while theother, as 29, is electrically .adapted to move connected by means of aninsulated wire 29',

with a metal rod 31, Fig. 3, mounted in along hole therefor in thelongitudinal axis of the drivi g shaft D; said rod being insulated-fromthe side of thehole by a fiber tube 32. Mounted in the outer end portionof this metal rod there may be, if thought desirable, a number of metalspring fingers 33 which protrude therefrom and serve to make suitableelectrical contact with electricalconnections for the delivery of theelectricity generated by the generator and drawn off from the armaturethrough the commutator. I I

While this generator isdesigned to be used for ignition purposes as wellas for electric lighting, I have not considered 'it necessary to show orto describe any of the well known methods of sulting current, for thereason that my invention residesjsimply in a centrifugally controlledmagnet whose pole pieces are the armature in a plane passing through thelongitudinal axis of the farmature.

Having disclosed the principle of my invention and the general featuresof construction, those skilled in the art may make many variations indetails to suit a great variety of environments, without departing fromthe positive law of action inherent in all structures embodying myinvention.

Desiring to protect my invention in the broadest manner legallypossible, what I claim is 1. In a generator having driving means and astationary armature; a rotatable magnethaving pole pieces and logshinged to the driving means; said legs and pole pieces having one oftheir planes of movement pass through the longitudinal axis of thearmature; the rotation of. said magnet causing the pole pieces to moveinsaidplane away from the armature.

2. In a generator having a driving shaft and a stationary armature; arotatable magdistributing the retoward and away from net, having twolegs provided with pole 7 pieces to rotate about, and to form the magnetic field for, said armature, and pivoted to the driving shaft; saidlegs and pole pieces having a common plane of inward and of outwardmovement passing through the longitudinal axis of the armature.

In a generator having a driving shaft arid a stationary armature; arotatable magnet, having two legs provided with pole pieces to rotateabout, and to form the magnetic field for, said armature, and pivoted tothe driving shaft; said legs and pole pieces having a common plane ofinward and of outward movement passing through the longitudinal axis ofthe armature; and suitable spring connections tend to approach therotation, and hence in whereby the pole pieces pieces to rotate about,and to form the magnetic field for, said armature, and pivoted to thedriving shaft; said legs and pole pieces having a common. plane ofinward and of outward movement passing through the longitudinal axis ofthe armature; suitable spring connections whereby the pole pieces tendto approach the armature, upon a decrease in the speed of rotation, and

hence in the centrifugal force inherent in the rotating legs and polepieces of the magnet; and llmiting arms sliding on the shaft andconnected to'the pole pieces whereby each pole piece moves equallytoward or away from the armature. I

5. In a generator having a driving shaft and a statlonary armature; arotatable magnet, having two legs provided with. pole pieces to rotateabout, and to form the magnetic field for, said armature, and pivoted tothe driving shaft; said legs and pole pieces having a common plane ofinward and of outward movement passing through the longitudinal axis ofthe armature; suitable spring connections whereby the pole pieces tendto approach the armature, upon a decrease in the speed of rotation, andhence in the centrifugal force inherent in the rotating legs and polepieces of the magnet; limiting arms sliding on the shaft and connectedto the pole pieces whereby each pole piece moves equally toward or awayfrom the armature; and means for limiting the inward and the outwardmovements of the pole pieces,

In testimony whereof I' aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN O. HEINZE, JR. Witnesses:

Gno. S. LUNGER, OSCAR M. SPRINGER.

